Ботанічний сад » Каталог рослин » Кунінгамія ланцетна (Cunninghamia lanceolata)

Кунінгамія ланцетна (Cunninghamia lanceolata)

Куннінгамія ланцетовидна (Cunninghamia lanceolata) - поширена на території Центрального і Південно-Західного Китаю; утворює великі ліси в горах на висоті 800-1300 м. в умовах помірно теплого і вологого клімату. Висота стовбура може досягати 50 метрів. Крона пірамідальної форми. Гілки розташовані по стовбуру практично мутовчато. Лінійно-ланцетне листя жорстке, шкірясте, довжиною майже 7 см серповидно зігнуте, нагадує бразильську араукарію. Але по загальному вигляді куннінгамія ланцетовидна різко від неї відрізняється і швидше нагадує деякі кипарисові з витягнутими пірамідальними кронами. У викопному стані куннінгамія відзначена в третичних відкладеннях Європи і Японії.

Китайці називають куннінгамію (як, втім, і Тайвань) «деревом трун», так як її стійка до гниття деревина є основним матеріалом для їх виготовлення. Туж куннінгамію, однак, можна було б назвати і «деревом життя». Справа в тому, що в Північному В'єтнамі її густообліственні гілки незмінно застосовуються в якості притенення матеріалу (навіси) на плантаціях близького родича «кореня життя», помилкового женьшеню (Ропі pseudo-ginseng).

Поширена куннінгамія в горах на висотах від 1000 до 3600 м. В області природного зростання вона здавна культивується. У Китаї і Північному В'єтнамі можна зустріти гірські селища, навколо яких, як химерна варта, рядами стоять узкопірамідальні кіпарісовідні куннінгамії.

24-10-2018, 13:53

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